Operators can also set up restrictions concerning which usernames or IP addresses are allowed or disallowed to enter the server. 70 Multiplayer servers have a wide range of activities, with some servers having their own unique rules and customs. The largest and most popular server is Hypixel, which has been visited by over 14 million unique players. 72 73 Player versus player combat (PvP) can be enabled to allow fighting between players. 74 Many servers have custom plugins that allow actions that are not normally possible.

The game was created by Markus Notch Persson in the Java programming language and released as a public alpha for personal computers in 2009 before officially releasing in November 2011, with Jens Bergensten taking over development.

Minecraft has since been ported to various platforms and became the best-selling video game of all time, with 200 million copies sold across all platforms and 126 million monthly active users as of 2020 update.

Depending on game mode, players can fight computer-controlled mobs, as well as cooperate with or compete against other players in the same world.

Game modes include a survival mode, in which players must acquire resources to build the world and maintain health, and a creative mode, where players have unlimited resources.

Players can modify the game to create new gameplay mechanics, items, and assets.

It has also been used in educational environments, especially in the realm of computing systems, as virtual computers and hardware devices have been built in it.

In 2014, Mojang and the Minecraft intellectual property were purchased by Microsoft for US2.5 billion.

A number of spin-off games have also been produced, such as Minecraft: Story Mode, Minecraft Dungeons, and Minecraft Earth.

The core gameplay revolves around picking up and placing these objects.

These blocks are arranged in a 3D grid, while players can move freely around the world.

Players can mine blocks and then place them elsewhere, enabling them to build things.

Many commentators have described the games physics system as unrealistic; 29 liquids continuously flow for a limited horizontal distance from source blocks, which can be removed by placing a solid block in its place or by scooping it into a bucket.

The game also contains a material known as redstone, which can be used to make primitive mechanical devices, electrical circuits, and logic gates, allowing for the construction of many complex systems.

Due to technical problems when extremely distant locations are reached, however, there is a barrier preventing players from traversing to locations beyond 30,000,000 blocks from the center.

Increasing the difficulty of the game causes the player to take more damage from mobs, as well as having other difficulty-specific effects.

For example, the peaceful difficulty prevents hostile mobs from spawning, and the hard difficulty allows players to starve to death if their hunger bar is depleted.

Once selected, the difficulty can be changed, but the game mode is locked and can only be changed with cheats.

They spawn in the daytime, while hostile mobsincluding large spiders, skeletons, and zombies spawn during nighttime or in dark places such as caves.

Some hostile mobs, such as zombies, skeletons and drowned (underwater versions of zombies), burn under the sun if they have no headgear.

Other creatures unique to Minecraft include the creeper (an exploding creature that sneaks up on the player) and the enderman (a creature with the ability to teleport as well as pick up and place blocks).

There are also variants of mobs that spawn in different conditions; for example, zombies have husk variants that spawn in deserts.

A boss dragon called the Ender Dragon dwells on the main island.

Killing the dragon opens access to an exit portal, which upon entering cues the games ending credits and a poem written by Irish novelist Julian Gough.

Players are then teleported back to their spawn point and may continue the game indefinitely.

Some items have multiple tiers depending on the material used to craft them, with higher-tier items being more effective and durable.

Players can construct furnaces, which can cook food, process ores, and convert materials into other materials.

Players may also exchange goods with a villager ( NPC ) through a trading system, which involves trading emeralds for different goods and vice versa.

Dropped items can be recovered if players can reach them before they disappear or despawn after 5 minutes.

Players may acquire experience points by killing mobs and other players, mining, smelting ores, breeding animals, and cooking food.

Experience can then be spent on enchanting tools, armor and weapons.

Enchanted items are generally more powerful, last longer, or have other special effects.

This forces players to obtain the required items and experience adventures in the way that the map maker intended.

Another addition designed for custom maps is the command block; this block allows map makers to expand interactions with players through scripted server commands.

Players do not have an inventory, but can teleport to other players and view from the perspective of another player or creature.

It enables multiple players to interact and communicate with each other on a single world.

Players can run their own servers, use a hosting provider, or connect directly to another players game via Xbox Live.

Single-player worlds have local area network support, allowing players to join a world on locally interconnected computers without a server setup.

Minecraft multiplayer servers are guided by server operators, who have access to server commands such as setting the time of day and teleporting players.

Operators can also set up restrictions concerning which usernames or IP addresses are allowed or disallowed to enter the server.

Multiplayer servers have a wide range of activities, with some servers having their own unique rules and customs.

The largest and most popular server is Hypixel, which has been visited by over 14 million unique players.

Player versus player combat (PvP) can be enabled to allow fighting between players.

Many servers have custom plugins that allow actions that are not normally possible.

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